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Rate-Limit 종류 및 구현 방법

· 약 8분
Ryukato
Ryukato
BackEnd Software Developer

Rate Limit이란​

Rate Limit에 대한 설명​

Rate Limit은 클라이언트가 일정 시간 동안 수행할 수 있는 요청 수를 제한하는 기법입니다. API 서버, 웹 애플리케이션, 캐시 시스템 등에서 서버 자원 보호, 공정한 서비스 제공, 악의적 공격 방어(DDoS) 등의 목적으로 활용됩니다.

CircuitBreaker Using Redis

· 약 5분
Ryukato
Ryukato
BackEnd Software Developer

현대 분산 시스템에서 외부 API 호출이나 타 시스템 연동이 빈번해지면서, 장애 전파를 방지하기 위한 Circuit Breaker 패턴의 중요성이 점점 커지고 있다. 특히 여러 인스턴스가 동시에 운영되는 환경에서는 분산 상태 공유가 가능한 구조가 필수다. 본 포스팅에서는 Redis 기반 분산 Circuit Breaker 구현을 중심으로, Kotlin + Coroutine 환경에서 안전하게 사용하는 방식을 소개한다.

Redis cluster using docker on M2

· 약 4분
Ryukato
Ryukato
BackEnd Software Developer

Here is docker-compose.yml file and redis.conf

redis.conf​

We need to create conf files for each node with same port but different cluster-announce-port and redis-cli -h localhost -p 26380 -a secret.

port 6379
cluster-enabled yes
cluster-config-file nodes.conf
cluster-node-timeout 3000
cluster-announce-ip [host IP]
cluster-announce-port 26379
cluster-announce-bus-port 17000
appendonly yes
requirepass secret
masterauth secret

docker-compose.yml​

version: "3.9"

services:
# for debugging to use ping nslookup and etc.
  debug-busybox:
    image: busybox
    command: sleep 3600
    networks:
      - sample-app
  redis-node-1:
    image: redis:7.2
    container_name: redis-node-1
    volumes:
      - ./redis-data/node1/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
    ports:
      - "26379:6379"
      - "17000:16379"
    command: [ "redis-server", "/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf" ]
    networks:
      - sample-app
    extra_hosts:
      - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"

  redis-node-2:
    image: redis:7.2
    container_name: redis-node-2
    volumes:
      - ./redis-data/node2/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
    ports:
      - "26380:6379"
      - "17001:16379"
    command: [ "redis-server", "/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf" ]
    networks:
      - sample-app
    extra_hosts:
      - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"

  redis-node-3:
    image: redis:7.2
    container_name: redis-node-3
    volumes:
      - ./redis-data/node3/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
    ports:
      - "26381:6379"
      - "17002:16379"
    command: [ "redis-server", "/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf" ]
    networks:
      - sample-app
    extra_hosts:
      - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"

  redis-node-4:
    image: redis:7.2
    container_name: redis-node-4
    volumes:
      - ./redis-data/node4/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
    ports:
      - "26382:6379"
      - "17003:16379"
    command: [ "redis-server", "/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf" ]
    networks:
      - sample-app
    extra_hosts:
      - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"

  redis-node-5:
    image: redis:7.2
    container_name: redis-node-5
    volumes:
      - ./redis-data/node5/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
    ports:
      - "26383:6379"
      - "17004:16379"
    command: [ "redis-server", "/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf" ]
    networks:
      - sample-app
    extra_hosts:
      - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"

  redis-node-6:
    image: redis:7.2
    container_name: redis-node-6
    volumes:
      - ./redis-data/node6/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
    ports:
      - "26384:6379"
      - "17005:16379"
    command: [ "redis-server", "/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf" ]
    networks:
      - sample-app
    extra_hosts:
      - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"

  redis-cluster-init:
    image: redis:7.2
    container_name: redis-cluster-init
    depends_on:
      - redis-node-1
      - redis-node-2
      - redis-node-3
      - redis-node-4
      - redis-node-5
      - redis-node-6
    entrypoint: [ "bash", "-c" ]
    command:
      - >
        sleep 5 &&
        echo yes | redis-cli -a secret --cluster create
        host.docker.internal:26379
        host.docker.internal:26380
        host.docker.internal:26381
        host.docker.internal:26382
        host.docker.internal:26383
        host.docker.internal:26384
        --cluster-replicas 1
    networks:
      - sample-app
    extra_hosts:
      - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"

networks:
  sample-app:
    driver: bridge

Time to run​

Ok, it's time to run and moment of truth. Run following commands.

docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d

Check​

If there is any error during containers are up and running, then you can run following command to connect one of redis node container.

Connect a redis node​

redis-cli -h localhost -p 26380 -a secret

Get List of cluster nodes​

cluster nodes

if you run successfully the command on redis-cli, then you can see following results. If not, then please do debug using busybox. :)

a93fd053554bb8fdb6f1bfaf0a370a143dc3213a 172.20.0.8:6379@16379 slave a3e2edc5f519a7eea1a2bedd3d907ccabc89ae7a 0 1750408699000 3 connected
aaf139c2d79a9cb1d7eb087b57a0a8dcd9c1e671 172.20.0.4:6379@16379 master - 0 1750408699203 1 connected 0-5460
a3e2edc5f519a7eea1a2bedd3d907ccabc89ae7a 172.20.0.5:6379@16379 master - 0 1750408700000 3 connected 10923-16383
3a108159226cffb39a581f2dd5ee60d0c4ba47bf 172.20.0.7:6379@16379 slave 4297dec43cb75777abbf3d03b518da18419ebdef 0 1750408701272 2 connected
fce6a11b47b440945dea039c0c2b0ff29234a31e 172.20.0.3:6379@16379 slave aaf139c2d79a9cb1d7eb087b57a0a8dcd9c1e671 0 1750408700242 1 connected
4297dec43cb75777abbf3d03b518da18419ebdef 172.20.0.6:6379@16379 myself,master - 0 1750408701000 2 connected 5461-10922

Note How to install redis-cli brew install redis

Debugging​

Check the logs​

First we'd better check the logs from redis-cluster-init container. Check below command.

docker logs redis-cluster-init

Check status of nodes in cluster (not in cluster yet. :)​

If you see any wired thing in the log and something like below. then check directly status cluster nodes.

sample log when nodes are configured in cluster​

2025-06-20 17:38:07 Master[0] -> Slots 0 - 5460
2025-06-20 17:38:07 Master[1] -> Slots 5461 - 10922
2025-06-20 17:38:07 Master[2] -> Slots 10923 - 16383
2025-06-20 17:38:07 Adding replica 172.20.0.3:6379 to 172.20.0.4:6379
2025-06-20 17:38:07 Adding replica 172.20.0.7:6379 to 172.20.0.6:6379
2025-06-20 17:38:07 Adding replica 172.20.0.8:6379 to 172.20.0.5:6379

Check communication b/w nodes​

Next we'd better check a node can find another node(s), so we can check that using below commands.

docker exec redis-node-0 redis-cli -a secret cluster meet redis-node-1 6379

Figure it out.​

If you see like below error message, then it goes fail to resolve ip address.

ERR Invalid node address specified